Tier 0

Opportunistic / commodity

Resources / capability

Minimal — automated scanning, known exploits, reused credentials from public dumps. No targeting; whoever's exposed gets hit.

Typical targets

Anyone with an exposed surface. Mid-market without basic hygiene gets selected for them automatically.

Most relevant defenses
  • MFA
  • EDR
  • email security
  • patching / exposure basics
  • backup

Note · Most attacks worldwide are this — the baseline most orgs need to defend against first.